Made of cellulose (87–90%), with natural impurities and moisture .
Fibers form fluffy, round bolls after seed maturation, which are mechanically processed into yarn and woven into fabric
Breathable and hypoallergenic, ideal for sensitive skin .
High moisture absorption (up to 8–10% of its weight), keeping wearers cool and dry .
Soft texture but prone to wrinkling, shrinkage, and moderate durability compared to wool or synthetics
Widely used in clothing (e.g., shirts, jeans, underwear), home textiles (bedding, towels), and industrial products .
Blended with polyester or spandex to enhance durability, stretch, or wrinkle resistance
Sustainability:
Biodegradable and renewable, with organic cotton reducing synthetic pesticide use .
Advances like CRISPR/Cas genome editing aim to improve crop resilience and fiber quality
Includes organic cotton(eco-friendly cultivation), Pima/Egyptian cotton (longer, softer fibers), and blends like cotton-polyester(easy-care) or cotton-spandex(stretch).
While cotton excels in comfort and eco-friendliness, its drawbacks include slower drying times and susceptibility to pilling . Innovations in textile science continue to refine its performance for modern demands.
